Effect of Yokukansan, Japanese Herbal Medicine, on Phantom-limb Pain.

phantom-limb pain is highly prevalent after limb amputation but remains an extremely challenging pain condition to treat1,2. the treatment must be multimodal and mechanism-based because the underlying pathological changes occur in both the peripheral and the central nervous system after amputation1,2. We report a patient who had suffered from intractable phantom-limb pain for years, successfully treated with Japanese herbal medicine yokukansan.